Environmental problems and landscape of Kerala
Kerala is facing several environmental issues than many other States in the country, perhaps, because of its size and lay out. This small State has a length of about 600 km and an average width of 70 km (maximum width is about 140 km). The whole landed area is divided into three regions, high lands, mid lands and low lands. Because of this pattern, rain water without getting preserved, reaches the sea within hours. Earlier people developed their own techniques to retain this water for the whole season. The thick forests also helped this to a very large extent.Soil become fertile only by mixing with water. The human interference in the name of development has almost done away with the means of water conservation in the plains as well as in the hilly areas. This is a major environmental issue which the State is facing at present. Availability of drinking water is going to be a major, perhaps the topmost problem of this State soon. This State has the maximum number of wells, but these wells are getting dried in summer months.
The rivers have lost the capacity to retain water due to heavy sand mining. Even if water is available in some of the rivers, the water quality do not permit us to use it for drinking purposes. All forms of wastes are thrown into rivers by all people, industries, local bodies, etc., which contaminate river water through out.